English 10 / Unit 4: Theme, Symbol and Allegory
4.4 Motif
Notes
A motif is a recurring element (an image, word, idea or sound) that helps develop a theme.
- A symbol is one thing standing for an idea; a motif is a pattern repeated across a text.
- In Macbeth, the motif of blood recurs as guilt grows. Lady Macbeth cries, "Out, damned spot! out, I say!"
- In Romeo and Juliet, light and dark imagery recurs: Romeo says Juliet "is the sun."
- Track a motif: Where does it appear? How does it change? What does it add to the theme?
Practice
In Macbeth, repeated references to blood that will not wash away develop the theme of:
The blood motif reflects lasting guilt.
What is the main difference between a symbol and a motif?
Motifs are recurring patterns; symbols are representative objects.
A novel mentions birds in cages, birds flying free and a girl who dreams of wings. Together these form a motif most likely related to:
The repeated bird images explore freedom and being trapped.
Ready for more? Take the Unit 4 test.