6.1 Drugs, Misuse and Addiction

Notes

A drug is a substance that changes how the body or mind works. Medicines are drugs used to treat illness. Misuse is using a medicine in a way it was not prescribed. Substance use involves alcohol, tobacco, vaping products or drugs for non-medical reasons.

• Addiction is a disease of the brain in which a person cannot stop using a substance even when it causes harm. It is not a lack of willpower.
• Tolerance means needing more of a substance to get the same effect, and withdrawal means uncomfortable symptoms when stopping.
• The teen brain is still developing until the mid-20s, so substances can harm learning, memory and decision-making.
• Risk factors for use: stress, peer pressure, family history, easy access and mental health struggles. Protective factors: supportive family and friends, clear rules, activities, and refusal skills.
• Most teens do not use drugs, alcohol or tobacco.