8.4 Expressing Emotion

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Notes

Paul Ekman found that basic facial expressions are recognized across cultures.
Display rules are cultural norms about when and how to show emotion.
Facial feedback: making a facial expression can slightly influence feelings, though effects are small.
Emotional intelligence: the ability to perceive, understand and manage emotions in yourself and others.
Emotional regulation skills: noticing feelings, naming them, reappraisal (rethinking a situation), deep breathing, talking to someone.
Example: calmly reappraising "this test means I'm a failure" to "this test is practice for the next one."

Cultures differ in how openly people show anger or sadness in public. These differences are examples of:

Ana feels nervous before a speech, and tells herself, "This is excitement, and my body is getting ready." This strategy is:

The ability to recognize and manage emotions in yourself and others is called: