AP African American Studies / Unit 3: The Practice of Freedom
3.5 Disenfranchisement and Jim Crow Laws
Notes
Southern states blocked Black voting with poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clauses and white primaries. Jim Crow laws enforced segregation; Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) upheld "separate but equal."
Practice
Grandfather clauses:
Loophole for whites.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896):
Overturned in 1954.
A literacy test was used to:
Discriminatory voting rules.
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