AP Comparative Government and Politics / Unit 3: Political Culture and Participation
3.9 Challenges from Political and Social Cleavages
Notes
Cleavages can lead to separatist movements, conflict or policy responses (federalism, power sharing, quotas).
- Examples: Scottish independence movement; conflict in northern Nigeria; Chechnya in Russia.
Practice
Nigeria's federal character principle aims to:
Power sharing.
Scotland's independence referendum in 2014 resulted in:
55% voted no.
Governments may respond to cleavages with:
Accommodation.
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