AP European History / Unit 7: 19th-Century Perspectives and Political Developments
7.3 National Unification and Diplomatic Tensions
Notes
- Italy: Cavour (Piedmont-Sardinia, diplomacy) and Garibaldi (Red Shirts) unified Italy by 1861–1870.
- Germany: Bismarck's realpolitik and wars (Denmark, Austria, France) created the German Empire in 1871.
- The Crimean War (1853–1856) weakened the Concert of Europe.
Practice
Bismarck's realpolitik meant:
"Blood and iron."
The German Empire was proclaimed in:
After the Franco-Prussian War.
Garibaldi is known for:
1860.
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