Notes
Numbers
- 0 to 15 must be memorized: cero, uno, dos... catorce, quince.
- 16 to 29 are one word: dieciséis, veintidós. From 31 on use y: treinta y cuatro, ochenta y uno.
- Tens: treinta, cuarenta, cincuenta, sesenta, setenta, ochenta, noventa, and cien (100).
Days, months and dates
- Days and months are lowercase. The week starts on lunes.
- el lunes = on Monday; los lunes = every Monday.
- Dates: el + day + de + month, and the first is el primero: el primero de junio, el diez de junio.
- Dates are written day/month.
Time
- ¿Qué hora es? — Es la una (1:00) but Son las dos (2:00) and up.
- y cuarto (:15), y media (:30), menos (before the hour): Son las tres menos diez = 2:50.
- ¿A qué hora...? — A las... tells when something happens.
Weather and seasons
- Hace calor / frío / sol / viento / buen tiempo / mal tiempo. Llueve, nieva, está nublado.
- primavera, verano, otoño, invierno. Seasons are reversed south of the equator.
Topics in this unit
Each topic has its own short notes and practice.
Practice
43 − 13 = 30, treinta.
Lowercase days and months, with el + number + de + month.
9:40 is twenty before ten. (Son las nueve y cuarenta is also correct.)
Cold and snow in December point to the Northern Hemisphere.
¿A qué hora...? asks "at what time," answered with a las....
21 to 29 are one word, and 26 has an accent on the é: veintiséis.
Free response
Write your answer first, then open the scoring guide.
Free-response question
Write a short note in Spanish to a pen pal about your week.
(a) Write today's date and the day of the week, using the date 14 September and the day Wednesday.
Show the answer and scoring guide
Hoy es miércoles, el catorce de septiembre.
Check off the points you earned:
(b) Say that your math class is at 8:15 a.m. and your soccer practice is at 4:30 p.m.
Show the answer and scoring guide
Mi clase de matemáticas es a las ocho y cuarto de la mañana. Mi práctica de fútbol es a las cuatro y media de la tarde.
Check off the points you earned:
(c) Describe the weather today (sunny and hot) and name the season.
Show the answer and scoring guide
Hoy hace sol y hace calor. Es el verano. (Other logical answers accepted, such as Es el otoño in early September.)
Check off the points you earned: