Notes
Relationships and communication
- Healthy relationships have respect, honesty, trust, equality and support. Control, threats, put-downs and isolation are warning signs. Abuse is never the victim's fault.
- Good communication uses active listening, "I" statements, clear words and attention to body language.
- Refusal skills: say no clearly, give a reason if you want, suggest an alternative, leave. Real friends respect your choice.
Conflict, bullying and consent
- Resolve conflict by cooling down, listening, using "I" statements, brainstorming and reaching a compromise. A mediator can help.
- Bullying is repeated aggression with a power imbalance. For cyberbullying: save evidence, block, report and tell a trusted adult. Upstanders support the target.
- Consent is a clear, voluntary yes that can be withdrawn. Pressure, silence or incapacity (such as being asleep or intoxicated) is not consent. Respect others' boundaries and tell a trusted adult if yours are crossed.
Topics in this unit
Each topic has its own short notes and practice.
Practice
Control and isolation are warning signs.
It states your feeling without blaming.
A clear no with an alternative works well.
Each side gives a little.
Evidence and reporting get adult help.
Consent is clear, voluntary and reversible.
Free response
Write your answer first, then open the scoring guide.
Free-response question
Leo is in a group chat where classmates keep posting an embarrassing photo of another student, Mia, and laughing. Leo's friend says, "Just post a laughing emoji, everyone is doing it." Leo feels uncomfortable.
(a) Explain why the group chat behavior is cyberbullying.
Show the answer and scoring guide
It uses technology repeatedly to embarrass Mia, and several people against one creates a power imbalance.
Check off the points you earned:
(b) Describe two actions Leo can take as an upstander.
Show the answer and scoring guide
Leo can refuse to post or share and tell his friend "I'm not doing that." He can also check in with Mia privately, save evidence and report the chat to a trusted adult or the platform.
Check off the points you earned:
(c) Give a refusal Leo can say to his friend and explain why peer pressure should not decide his choice.
Show the answer and scoring guide
"No, I'm not going to join in. Let's not make fun of her." Leo's values matter more than going along, and joining in would harm Mia.
Check off the points you earned: